Autistic individuals face a significantly higher risk of suicide than the general population, with self-harm recognized as a major contributing factor. Occupational therapists (OTs) frequently work with autistic individuals, yet existing research highlights a substantial knowledge gap in addressing suicide and self-harm within OT practice. This qualitative study explored OTs’ experiences in managing self-harm among autistic individuals, focusing on the contexts, approaches, and strategies that shape intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight OTs who had experience supporting autistic individuals exhibiting self-harm, and data were analyzed using the Framework Method. Findings revealed that OT interventions occur within complex contexts involving autistic individuals, family members, other professionals, and broader service systems. Eight categories of intervention approaches were identified, including behavior intervention planning, sensory adjustments, augmentative and alternative communication recommendations, environmental and cognitive adaptations, Lifestyle Redesign, facilitating communication across care providers and with clients, empowering caregivers, and providing psychological support. Strategies for enhancing care quality emphasized effective family engagement, stronger interprofessional collaboration, and reflective practice to refine clinical reasoning. These findings deepen understanding of self-harm in autism, clarify the OT’s role, and highlight pathways to improve service provision. Future research should examine more diverse service contexts to develop comprehensive, evidence-informed intervention guidance for OTs working with this population.

Authors:
I-Ting Hwang, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
Yun-Hsi Chu, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

About the Presenter(s)
Dr. I-Ting Hwang is an Assistant Professor of the Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

See this presentation on the full schedule – Thursday Schedule

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